Security and privacy in IoT-based Smart Farming: a review

The Internet of Things (IoT) is no longer a newbie; it has a long history of serving as the primary commercial growth driver. Every business nowadays has begun to rely on IoT technology for market operational excellence. Smart Farming has also adopted IoT technology and farmers utilize these technologies to monitor crop production, evaluate soil moisture content, and deploy drones to assist with operations like pesticide spraying. As more devices link to the Internet, the problems of safeguarding smart farming settings' cybersecurity threats and vulnerabilities grow. Digitalization in agriculture is regarded as the fourth agricultural revolution, as evidenced by a wide range of available digital technologies and data applications. This paper describes a systematic literature review (SLR) on IoT security and privacy and domains in the agricultural industry. This SLR was summarized by studying the research papers published in reputable journals between January 2017 and July 2023. A total of 37 articles were carefully selected from 6 databases using a systematic method, quality assessment, and classification. The primary objective of this study is to consolidate all relevant studies on IoT-based Smart Farming (SF) applications domains, privacy/security, communication/Network protocols, and sensors/devices. It also highlighted the fundamental difficulties and how smart Farming works in different countries. Moreover, this review paper analyzes the security difficulties that IoT devices face in agriculture. Finally, open issues and challenges were discussed to give research with interesting future approaches in IoT agriculture. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.