Surrogate-based buckling analysis and optimization of composite plates modeled using a novel nonlinear function to describe fiber orientation

The stiffness prop manipulating the variation in erties. Nonlinear fiber paths design space. The major chall tion within the design space t of a VS plate. In this investig fiber orientation by integrati parameters of the nonlinear f unction can directly represent the fiber angles at a fixed position. This novel approach has promisin the linear and nonlinear funct erties of variable stiffness (VS) composite plates can be controlled by the fiber angle, thereby significantly improving their buckling prop-have attracted attention in the field of composites due to their large enge in adopting nonlinear fiber paths is obtaining a fiber path funchat is easily computable and efficiently yields the highest buckling load ation, an innovative nonlinear function was proposed to describe the ng a center fiber angle into the conventional linear function. The g potential for improving the optimal efficiency of fiber paths because ions are simplified with two identical path parameters. Furthermore, a od was developed by combining finite element analysis (FEA) with an n (RBF) surrogate model, and it was found that the number of FEA multilevel optimization meth adaptive radial basis functio cases could be reduced by iteratively inheriting training points. The integration of this nonlinear function with a surrogate mo delis a significant advancement in the structural optimization of composites. Subsequently, the op timal linear and nonlinear fiber paths were computed to maximize the buckling load of VS plates. The FEA results show that the computational efficiency was greatly improved by the proposed n onlinear function and optimization method. The buckling resistance could be enhanced by the no bution and reduction of in-pl nlin an (c) 2025 The Author(s). Publ ear fiber path, and the reinforcement mechanism was the redistri-e compressive stress. ished by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics. This is an open acces s article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).