Mindfulness in sport, exercise, and performance psychology: an umbrella review and directions for future research

Mindfulness has been studied and applied with great interest in Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology (SEPP), though professionals within SEPP and related fields have addressed some limitations of the current evidence base. Construct-level and methodological concerns are the most salient categories of criticism that have been made. The purpose of the present umbrella review and recommendations is to both acknowledge these important points of concern related to the mindfulness literature in SEPP, while also offering potential recommendations for researchers and practitioners within SEPP to consider as they pursue further study. This umbrella review synthesized 20 systematic reviews/meta-analyses examining mindfulness-based practices in SEPP. Recommendations include standardized teacher training, research design considerations, and diversified assessment tools.