A novel BIM maturity model integrating Industry 4.0 and sustainability: a design science research approach

PurposeThis study develops an innovative building information modelling (BIM) maturity model integrating Industry 4.0 (I4.0) and sustainability principles. It addresses the need to consider sustainable practices to guide digital transformation in construction.Design/methodology/approachThe research employs design science research (DSR), combining literature analysis with practical model development through an iterative process. This includes semi-structured interviews and focus groups with eight international experts, ensuring theoretical rigour and practical applicability. The study considers the implications of disruption on human interaction with BIM and I4.0 technologies.FindingsThe study identifies six key dimensions (processes, technology, people, organization/strategy, policy and sustainability) and six maturity levels for assessing BIM implementation in I4.0 and sustainability contexts. A systematic evaluation framework highlights critical improvement areas, including training needs and strategies to fight resistance to change. Additionally, 42 critical success factors aligned with dynamic capabilities and cumulative capability development theories are identified.Originality/valueThis paper presents a novel BIM maturity model uniquely integrating I4.0 and sustainability principles. This comprehensive approach addresses technological advancements and sustainable practices, filling a gap in current BIM maturity assessments. It considers BIM's future in a disruptive industry, addressing challenges of human-technology interaction and providing a roadmap for evolving organizational capabilities in construction.