Assessment of musculoskeletal disorders among bus drivers in South India: implications for health and safety

Objectives. This study aims to evaluate the frequency of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and associated impairments among bus drivers in South India. The main research question is to determine the prevalence and distribution of MSDs among bus drivers and assess the impact of these disorders on their daily activities and functioning. Methods. A supervised cross-sectional study was conducted involving 390 qualified bus drivers. MSDs were assessed using a standardized Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire, and impairments resulting from MSDs were measured using various assessment techniques. Results. The study found that 65.8% of the drivers self-reported experiencing MSDs, with the highest prevalence in the lower back, followed by the neck and upper back regions. Prevalence was relatively low in the elbow and wrist regions. MSDs were most prevalent in the neck, shoulder, upper back and lower back regions for individuals aged 29-39 years and over 40 years. The study also revealed that MSDs significantly affect daily activities, particularly in the lower and upper back regions. Disability index scores indicated that many drivers experienced mild to moderate disabilities. Conclusion. The findings underscore the necessity for appropriate healthcare and rehabilitation programs to prevent and manage MSDs among bus drivers.