Effects of Exhaust Gas Recirculation on Vibration and Performance in Hydrogen-Diesel Dual-Fuel Common Rail Direct Injection Engines

The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of incorporating hydrogen (H2) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on engine vibration, performance, combustion, and emissions on a dual-fuel common rail direct injection engine. The load variations considered are 0, 20, and 40 N & sdot;m at a fixed engine speed of 2000 rpm. The dual-fuel experiments are conducted using a 5% substitution of diesel with H2 and the implementation of 5% EGR. The engine vibrations are measured by the root-mean-square acceleration. The variables examined in this study are cylinder pressure, rate of pressure rise, heat release rate (HRR), and ignition delay, along with brake-specific fuel consumption and brake mean effective pressure. The highest load leads to a maximum value of peak cylinder pressure of 111.67 bar, with a peak vibration of 541 m/s2. The values of HRR in dual-fuel modes, both without and with EGR at 40 N & sdot;m, are 101.75 and 89.493 J/CAD, respectively. The NOX emissions with D5H show 567 ppm, compared to 983.5 ppm with D5E5H at 40 nm load condition. Finally, using H2 with EGR is found to reduce the emission of oxides of nitrogen (NOX) compared to other modes of operation.