Advances and outlooks on self-cleaning properties for liquid-repellent and slippery surfaces

Due to their excellent self-cleaning properties induced by unique surface characteristics, the super-liquid-repellent and slippery surfaces have received extensive attention and research. This paper centers on the subject of self-cleaning surfaces within liquid-repellent and slippery surfaces and delineates current research trends and focal points. The synthesis and preparation methods of liquid-repellent and slippery surfaces are summarized, first. Furthermore, surface characteristics, self-cleaning ability and durability are sorted out and analyzed and the application of the liquid-repellent and slippery surfaces at this stage is outlined in detail. Finally, this article also innovatively provides a comprehensive overview of the existing self-cleaning evaluation methods and their limitations. The development of self-cleaning coatings and the improvement of a deep understanding on the self-cleaning mechanism are prospected, which provides some insights and guidance for the research and exploration of self-cleaning surfaces in the future.