Research on the role of bamboo species in the restoration of heavy metal-contaminated soil

Heavy metal contamination in the soil has become more serious due to the rapid development of the economy. Phytoremediation has evoked widespread curiosity in recent years due to its advantages in terms of being environmentally friendly and sustainable. However, there are few reports on the application of bamboo species in the field of phytoremediation, and a comprehensive overview of their potential for restoring contaminated soil by removing heavy metals is lacking. This paper incorporates existing research on bamboo species for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils. It meticulously debates the physiological responses exhibited by bamboo species to heavy metal stress, encompassing growth and development responses, photosynthetic responses, and antioxidant system responses, among others. Furthermore, it elaborates on the capacity of bamboo for heavy metal accumulation and translocation, as well as their remarkable tolerance and detoxification mechanisms. This comprehensive analysis sheds light on the intricate interactions between bamboo and contaminated soil environments. Additionally, the paper summarizes various strategies for the remediation of heavy metal contamination using bamboo species. This review facilitates a more thorough exploration of the potential applications of bamboo species in the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils, offering a novel approach for soil environmental restoration.