Research on the surface water quality in the Huaihe River Basin and the gensis based on multivariate statistical analysis

被引：0

作者：

Shuzhen Feng ^{[1
]}

Chaokai Zhang ^{[2
]}

Jiaheng Yan ^{[3
]}

Ke Ren ^{[4
]}

Ningbo Peng ^{[2
]}

Wei Jiang ^{[3
]}

Shouhua Liu ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Nanjing Vocational Institute of Railway Technology,Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering

[2] Huaiyin Institute of Technology,HYIT

[3] Huaiyin Institute of Technology,CREC Institute of Science and Technology for Conservation of Cultural Heritage

[4] Key Scientific Research Base of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage for Integrated Technology and Application of Grotto Cultural Heritage Protection Engineering Department,Faculty of Computer and Software Engineering

[5] Huaiyin Institute of Technology,undefined

来源：

Scientific Reports | / 15卷 / 1期

关键词：

Cluster analysis; Huaihe River Basin; Surface water quality; Agricultural pollution; Spatial change rules;

D O I：

10.1038/s41598-025-02964-2

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

The Huaihe River Basin (HRB) is an important water system in eastern China, and its water quality has received widespread attention. This study explored the latest spatial variation patterns of surface water quality in the HRB to cope with the increasingly severe challenges of water resource management. By integrating multidimensional water quality data from surface water monitoring stations, including dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (CODMn and COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), ammonia nitrogen (NH3–N), total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN), this study utilized a cluster analysis technique to categorize the water quality data and reveal changes in the geographic variability of water quality. Among the 382 monitoring stations in the HRB, 258 stations had TN content lower than Class V, which was the highest among all monitoring indicators. The entropy weight method used to assess the comprehensive water quality showed that there were 157 and 163 monitoring stations belonging to Class III and IV, respectively, and stations with poor water quality were distributed downstream in the river network and estuary area. Correlation and cluster analyses indicated that agricultural and organic matter pollution were the two main factors affecting water quality in the HRB, particularly in the downstream area, and the high loading of nutrient salts such as TP and NH3–N reflected the significant influence of agricultural activities. In addition, the study examined the potential driving role of factors such as topography, geomorphology, and human activities on water quality changes and visualized the relationship between water quality class and cluster categories through spatial distribution maps and Sankey diagrams to clarify the regional patterns of water quality problems.

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