Vehicle-To-Grid Technology Acceptance for Electric Vehicle Users: A Systematic Literature Review and Future Research Agenda

The large-scale expansion of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology requires the full support of electric vehicle (EV) users. However, existing studies lack a comprehensive review of V2G technology acceptance, especially the preferences and attitudes of potential consumers. To this end, our study conducts a systematic literature review to understand V2G acceptance behaviour and explore its future research directions. By reviewing 87 related literatures, we obtain key information about V2G adoption in terms of publication trends, keywords, theories, contexts, methods, antecedents, decisions, and outcomes. Results show that the antecedents mainly influencing V2G acceptance are those related to the product (e.g., battery life and EV flexibility), the individual (e.g., range anxiety and risk awareness), and the economy (e.g., V2G costs). The three most important decisions for V2G acceptance are the intention to join an aggregator, the decision to sign a contract, and the willingness to support EVs. The outcome with the most votes for V2G acceptance is its impact on energy, in particular by enhancing grid flexibility, efficiency, and stability. In addition, the research context is primarily focused on the United States, China, and the Netherlands, with a notable lack of studies from other countries. Based on these results, we also further discuss potential research directions for V2G acceptance.