Analysis of Effect and Development of Instructional Framework About First Aid for Kindergarten Students

First aid has a crucial role in preserving human lives. The prompt administration of first aid increases the likelihood of its efficacy. Hence, the implementation of first aid procedures by children in settings exclusively occupied by children and adults can yield significant advantages. The objective of this study was to develop an instructional design that would facilitate the provision of first aid training to kindergarten students. The researchers implemented the instructional design they had designed in the kindergarten setting for the intended goal. The study employed the design-based research method, utilizing Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction model that was adapted from Gagne, Briggs, and Wager's model (1992). According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that a 10-week practice-oriented instructional design used for 18 kindergarten children have demonstrated efficacy in acquiring knowledge related to first aid and how it is done. The results of the study show that the kindergarten children could know what the emergency situation is and what they could do when they see it.