Synthesis of a sulfone-modified derivative of boron-sulphur co-doped graphitic carbon nitride photocatalyst for 1,4 NADH regeneration and synthesis of Biginelli end products

Photocatalysis is one of the most promising alternative ways for solar-driven chemical reactions. In this study, a novel photocatalyst, boron sulfone graphitic carbon nitride (B-S-f G), was developed and analysed using UV-visible DRS, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and EDX. Results showed that B-S-f G exhibited enhanced charge carrier dynamics and higher molar absorptivity than its precursor, B-S G. The newly synthesized photocatalyst (B-S-f G), obtained by stirring B-S G and mCPBA in DMSO overnight, was tested for solar-driven NADH regeneration and organic transformation. The B-S-f G photocatalyst showed 58.94 % yield of NADH in 1 h and exhibited successful photocatalytic Biginelli reaction. The production of Biginelli product (DHP) and NADH by the photocatalyst B-S-f G is ascribed to the synergistic effect of co-dopants along with sulfone incorporation, which alters the electronic structure and reduces the band gap, enhancing its photocatalytic activity. This study aims to enhance effectiveness in sustainable energy applications.