Gut microbiome differences in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder and effects of probiotic supplementation: A randomized controlled trial

被引:0
作者
Novau-Ferre, Nil [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Papandreou, Christopher [1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ]
Rojo-Marticella, Meritxell [5 ,6 ]
Canals-Sans, Josefa [5 ,6 ]
Bullo, Monica [1 ,2 ,3 ,7 ]
机构
[1] Rovira i Virgili Univ URV, Dept Biochem & Biotechnol, Nutr & Metab Hlth Res Grp NuMeH, Reus 43201, Spain
[2] Inst Hlth Pere Virgili IISPV, Reus 43204, Spain
[3] Rovira i Virgili Univ, Ctr Environm Food & Toxicol Technol TecnATox, Reus 43201, Spain
[4] Hellen Mediterranean Univ HMU, Sch Hlth Sci, Dept Nutr & Dietet Sci, Siteia 72300, Greece
[5] Rovira i Virgili Univ, Dept Psychol, Nutr & Mental Hlth Res Grp NutriSam, Tarragona 43007, Spain
[6] Rovira i Virgili Univ, Res Ctr Behav Assessment CRAMC, Tarragona 43007, Spain
[7] Carlos III Hlth Inst, CIBER Physiol Obes & Nutr CIBEROBN, Madrid 28029, Spain
关键词
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; (ADHD); Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD); Microbiota; Probiotics; DYSBIOSIS; SYMPTOMS;
D O I
10.1016/j.ridd.2025.105003
中图分类号
G76 [特殊教育];
学科分类号
040109 ;
摘要
Background: Emerging evidence suggests a significant role of gut microbiota on neurodevelopmental disorders, including Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Aims: Our study aimed to compare gut microbiota composition between these disorders and evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation. Methods: We conducted a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with 80 children aged 5-14 years (39 with ADHD, 41 with ASD). Baseline and post-intervention fecal samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to identify changes in gut microbiota composition. Results: We identified 22 taxa differentiating ADHD and ASD (AUC = 0.939), characterised by increased presence of Clostridia, Ruminococcaceae, and Lachnospiraceae in ADHD, and Bacteroides, Bacilli and Actinobacteria in ASD. These differences remained after accounting for potential confounders. ASD children receiving probiotics had significant increases in Chao 1, Fisher's alpha, and Shannon indices whereas no significant differences in alpha and beta-diversity were found in ADHD. In ADHD, bacteria with potential adverse effects were under-represented. In ASD, the abundance of Eggerthellaceae, and other taxa associated with gastrointestinal problems and anxiety was decreased. Conclusion: Variations in gut microbiota may influence responses in ADHD and ASD. Probiotic supplementation favorably altered gut microbiota composition, offering insights for future therapeutic strategies targeting the microbiome in neurodevelopmental disorders. What this paper adds: Recent research underscores the role of gut microbiota in ADHD and ASD, indicating that diet can significantly influence microbiota composition and potentially manage these neurodevelopmental disorders. This study reveals distinct differences in gut microbiota composition between children with ADHD and ASD and demonstrates that probiotic supplementation can modulate specific microbial genera in each disorder. These findings pave the way for the development of innovative microbiome-targeted therapies, offering a new avenue for the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders. Understanding this relationship is crucial for designing future interventions.
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页数:12
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