Sustainable low-rise confined masonry construction and reinforced concrete in-filled masonry construction: a correlative review

Substantial earthquakes create a loss in an economy and human lives because of the earthquake’s non-resisting construction techniques. House Construction with earthquake resistance techniques is a challenging task for the economically weaker families and lower-income group sectors. Reinforced concrete frame construction with infill-wall needs technical skills and financial support. To overcome these problems in construction, alternative building methods have been adopted to improve seismic performances. Introducing the confined masonry (CM) construction techniques gives rise to better performance over seismic actions and it is marginally higher value and higher skill than the Un-reinforced masonry. This paper summarizes the comparison of all features of construction methods, the behaviour of the confined masonry elements under seismic excitations as an alternative to the masonry infill RC buildings to achieve economic construction. Some of the influential aspects have been framed to prevent the failures in the systems, such as construction sequence, type and properties of materials, tie beam and tie column reinforcement details, structural configurations, the aspect ratio of panel, axial stresses, masonry, and the column interface, confinement of the column, damage pattern and wall panels openings. Nominal care and design parameters to be considered in the construction of CM to perform against earthquake forces. CM is a very useful construction technique in the way of non-requirement of advanced equipment and skills. Therefore, a better alternative to sustainable housing in the seismic risk areas is the confined masonry construction technique. Overall accuracy of 90% will be achieved and found effective ensuring structural integrity. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.