Hydrogen production and heavy metal immobilization using hyperaccumulators in supercritical water gasification

被引:65
作者
Su W. [1 ,2 ]
Liu P. [1 ,2 ]
Cai C. [1 ,2 ]
Ma H. [1 ,2 ]
Jiang B. [1 ,2 ]
Xing Y. [1 ,2 ]
Liang Y. [3 ]
Cai L. [3 ]
Xia C. [3 ,4 ]
Le Q.V. [5 ]
Sonne C. [3 ,6 ]
Lam S.S. [3 ,4 ,7 ]
机构
[1] Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing
[2] Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing
[3] Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forestry Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu
[4] Anhui Juke Graphene Technology Co., Ltd., Bozhou, 233600, Anhui
[5] Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang
[6] Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, Roskilde
[7] Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP) & Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development (Bio-D Tropika), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu
基金
中国国家自然科学基金; 国家重点研发计划;
关键词
Heavy metal; Hydrogen; Immobilization; Lignocellulosic biomass; Supercritical water gasification;
D O I
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123541
中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
The dispersion of hyperaccumulators used in the phytoremediation process has caused environmental concerns because of their heavy metal (HM) richness. It is important to reduce the environmental risks and prevent the HM to reenter the ecological cycle and thereby the human food web. In this work, supercritical water gasification (SCWG) technology was used to convert Sedum plumbizincicola into hydrogen (H2) gas and to immobilize HMs into biochar. The H2 production correlated with temperature ranging from 380 to 440 ℃ with the highest H2 yield of 2.74 mol/kg at 440 ℃. The free-radical reaction and steam reforming reaction at high temperatures were likely to be the mechanism behind the H2 production. The analyses of bio-oil by the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC–MS) and Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) illustrated that the aromatic compounds, oxygenated compounds, and phenols were degraded into H2-rich gases. The increase of temperature enhanced the HM immobilization efficiency (>99.2 % immobilization), which was probably due to the quickly formed biochar that helped adsorb HMs. Then those HMs were chemically converted into stable forms through complexation with inorganic components on biochar, e.g., silicates, SiO2, and Al2O3. Consequently, the SCWG process was demonstrated as a promising approach for dispersing hyperaccumulators by immobilizing the hazardous HMs into biochar and simultaneously producing value-added H2-rich gases. © 2020
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