Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Activity of Astragalus onobrychis: Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidants, and Antibacterial Activities

Plants play an essential role in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Plants show broad-spectrum biological activity due to the bioactive compound contents. Hence, plants provide an essential contribution to drug invention and progress. In this study, phytochemical analysis and antioxidant effects of the Astragalus onobrychis plant were investigated. The flower, leaf, and stem parts of Astragalus onobrychis were extracted with methanol. The quantitative analysis of corresponding parts was conducted by LC-ESI-MS/MS, and it was detected that the flowers, leaves, and stems contained 12, 19, and 17 compounds, respectively. The flowers were determined to contain kaempferol-3-glucoside (0.395 mg/g extract) as a major product. Additionally, routine (0.132) was defined as the leading product in the leaf parts of the plant. The main product of the stem part of the plant was detected as coumarin (0.068). Antioxidant activity tests of flower, leaf, and stem extracts of the Astragalus onobrychis plant were performed. It was determined that the flowers showed the highest antioxidants among them. DPPH activity of flowers was determined as 4.56 +/- 0.42 (IC50, mu g/mL). Moreover, the antibacterial activity of flowers, leaves, and stem was performed using B.subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa, and flowers displayed excellent antibacterial activity against B. subtilis and E. coli with a value of 10.5 mu g/mL.