Dietary Lipids, Gut Microbiota, and Their Metabolites: Insights from Recent Studies

被引：0
作者：
Mohammadi, Farzad [1 ,2 ]
Rudkowska, Iwona [1 ,2 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Laval, CHU Quebec, Res Ctr, Endocrinol & Nephrol Unit, 2705 Laurier Blvd, Quebec City, PQ G1V 4G2, Canada
[2] Univ Laval, Fac Med, Dept Kinesiol, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada
来源：
NUTRIENTS | 2025年 / 17卷 / 04期
基金：
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词：
fatty acids; sterols; gut microbiome; short-chain fatty acids; bile acids; FATTY-ACIDS; INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; BACTERIA; INFLAMMATION; CHOLESTEROL; INCREASE; BEHAVIOR;
D O I：
10.3390/nu17040639
中图分类号：
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号：
100403 ;
摘要：
Dietary lipid intake can influence the gut microbiota (GM) and their metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and bile acids, which are key mediators of health. The objective is to examine how dietary lipids' quantity and quality influence the GM and metabolite profiles. A literature review of 33 studies in animals and humans was performed on the effects of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), trans-fatty acids (TFAs), and sterols on GM composition and gut-derived metabolites. The results show that diets rich in MUFAs, n-3 PUFAs, and short-chain FAs have the potential to enhance beneficial bacteria and metabolites. In addition, trans-palmitoleic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, and phytosterols may also have potentially beneficial effects on GM, but more research is needed. Medium-chain FAs and n-6 PUFAs have variable effects on the GM. Conversely, intakes of high-fat diets, long-chain SFAs, industrial TFAs, and cholesterol disrupt GM balance. In conclusion, animal studies clearly demonstrate that dietary fats influence the GM and related metabolites. Yet, human studies are limited. Therefore, well-designed human studies that consider the whole diet and baseline health status are needed to better understand the effects of dietary lipids on GM.
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页数：18
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