Glial polarization in neurological diseases: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities

被引：5
作者：
Liu, Yuqing [1 ,2 ]
Wu, Lei [3 ,4 ,5 ,6 ]
Peng, Weijun [1 ,2 ]
Mao, Xiaoyuan [3 ,4 ,5 ,6 ]
机构：
[1] Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp 2, Dept Integrated Tradit Chinese & Western Med, Changsha 410011, Peoples R China
[2] Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp 2, Natl Clin Res Ctr Metab Dis, Changsha 410011, Peoples R China
[3] Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Dept Clin Pharmacol, Hunan Key Lab Pharmacogenet, Changsha 410008, Peoples R China
[4] Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Natl Clin Res Ctr Geriatr Disorders, Changsha 410008, Peoples R China
[5] Cent South Univ, Inst Clin Pharmacol, Changsha 410078, Peoples R China
[6] Cent South Univ, Engn Res Ctr Appl Technol Pharmacogen, Minist Educ, Changsha 410078, Peoples R China
来源：
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS | 2025年 / 104卷
基金：
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词：
Glial polarization; Neurological diseases; Double edge; Spatiotemporal dynamic change; Therapy; EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; MODULATING MICROGLIAL POLARIZATION; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; PROMOTES M2 MICROGLIA; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; ISCHEMIC-STROKE; REACTIVE ASTROCYTES; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; SYNAPSE ELIMINATION; NLRP3; INFLAMMASOME;
D O I：
10.1016/j.arr.2024.102638
中图分类号：
Q2 [细胞生物学];
学科分类号：
071009 ; 090102 ;
摘要：
Glial cell polarization plays a pivotal role in various neurological disorders. In response to distinct stimuli, glial cells undergo polarization to either mitigate neurotoxicity or facilitate neural repair following injury, underscoring the importance of glial phenotypic polarization in modulating central nervous system function. This review presents an overview of glial cell polarization, focusing on astrocytes and microglia. It explores the involvement of glial polarization in neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis and meningoencephalitis. Specifically, it emphasizes the role of glial cell polarization in disease pathogenesis through mechanisms including neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, calcium signaling dysregulation, synaptic dysfunction and immune response. Additionally, it summarizes various therapeutic strategies including pharmacological treatments, dietary supplements and cell-based therapies, aimed at modulating glial cell polarization to ameliorate brain dysfunction. Future research focused on the spatio-temporal manipulation of glial polarization holds promise for advancing precision diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases.
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页数：27
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