Rural Youth Aspirations in the Face of Environmental, Economic and Social Pressures: Transformation in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

被引:0
|
作者
Coleman, Michael [1 ]
Le, Sang Thanh [2 ]
Mao, Nhu Huynh [1 ]
Chau, Khoi Minh [2 ]
Condon, Jason [3 ]
Kristiansen, Paul [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ New England, Sch Environm & Rural Sci, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
[2] Can Tho Univ, Coll Agr, Fac Soil Sci, Campus 2, Can Tho City, Vietnam
[3] Charles Sturt Univ, Gulbali Inst, Sch Agr Environm & Vet Sci, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
关键词
Agriculture; Rural development; Adaptation; University students; Career; Climate change; COVID-19; GENDER; PERCEPTIONS; DRIVERS;
D O I
10.1057/s41287-024-00685-2
中图分类号
F0 [经济学]; F1 [世界各国经济概况、经济史、经济地理]; C [社会科学总论];
学科分类号
0201 ; 020105 ; 03 ; 0303 ;
摘要
Farming communities in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) face a range of socio-economic and environmental pressures. With out-migration and changing career opportunities, many young people are unwilling to remain in agriculture and prefer careers elsewhere due to poor perceptions of farming as a career. To better understand the educational choices and career aspirations of rural youth in the VMD and the contextual factors affecting these choices, we used an online survey and several focus group discussions to consult university students about their selection of university major, their career aspirations, the role of climate change and other pressures, and opportunities available to alleviate these pressures. Farming itself was an unattractive career pathway, though agricultural services, research and extension were relatively popular. Climate change may reduce agricultural employment prospects, requiring some respondents to pursue other, less impacted careers. Other pressures reported included a lack of certain workplace skills; gendered differences in career prospects and sectors; inadequate personal networks; and COVID-19 economic impacts. Government and private sector initiatives may help alleviate these pressures via educational, financial and entrepreneurial support, valourising diverse career pathways, and ensuring improved inclusivity for youth in rural communities. Les communaut & eacute;s agricoles du delta du M & eacute;kong vietnamien (DMV) font face & agrave; une gamme de pressions socio-& eacute;conomiques et environnementales. Avec l'& eacute;migration et les changements d'opportunit & eacute;s de carri & egrave;re, beaucoup de jeunes sont r & eacute;ticents & agrave; rester dans l'agriculture et pr & eacute;f & egrave;rent des carri & egrave;res ailleurs en raison de la mauvaise perception de l'agriculture comme carri & egrave;re. Pour mieux comprendre les choix & eacute;ducatifs et les aspirations de carri & egrave;re des jeunes ruraux dans le DMV et les facteurs contextuels affectant ces choix, nous avons utilis & eacute; un sondage en ligne et plusieurs discussions de groupes de discussion pour consulter les & eacute;tudiants universitaires sur leur choix de majeure universitaire, leurs aspirations de carri & egrave;re, le r & ocirc;le du changement climatique et d'autres pressions, et les opportunit & eacute;s disponibles pour att & eacute;nuer ces pressions. L'agriculture elle-m & ecirc;me & eacute;tait une voie de carri & egrave;re peu attrayante, bien que les services agricoles, la recherche et l'extension & eacute;taient relativement populaires. Le changement climatique peut r & eacute;duire les perspectives d'emploi agricole, obligeant certains r & eacute;pondants & agrave; poursuivre d'autres carri & egrave;res, moins impact & eacute;es. D'autres pressions signal & eacute;es & eacute;taient un manque de certaines comp & eacute;tences en milieu de travail; des diff & eacute;rences de genre dans les perspectives de carri & egrave;re et les secteurs; des r & eacute;seaux personnels insuffisants; et les impacts & eacute;conomiques de la COVID-19. Les initiatives du gouvernement et du secteur priv & eacute; peuvent aider & agrave; att & eacute;nuer ces pressions par le biais de soutien & eacute;ducatif, financier et entrepreneurial, en valorisant diverses voies de carri & egrave;re, et en assurant une meilleure inclusivit & eacute; pour les jeunes dans les communaut & eacute;s rurales. Las comunidades agr & iacute;colas en el Delta del Mekong en Vietnam (VMD) enfrentan una gama de presiones socioecon & oacute;micas y ambientales. Con la emigraci & oacute;n y el cambio de oportunidades laborales, muchos j & oacute;venes no est & aacute;n dispuestos a permanecer en la agricultura y prefieren carreras en otros lugares debido a las malas percepciones de la agricultura como carrera. Para comprender mejor las elecciones educativas y las aspiraciones profesionales de la juventud rural en el VMD y los factores contextuales que afectan estas elecciones, utilizamos una encuesta en l & iacute;nea y varias discusiones de grupos focales para consultar a los estudiantes universitarios sobre su elecci & oacute;n de carrera universitaria, aspiraciones profesionales, el papel del cambio clim & aacute;tico y otras presiones, y las oportunidades disponibles para aliviar estas presiones. La agricultura en s & iacute; es una carrera poco atractiva, aunque los servicios agr & iacute;colas, la investigaci & oacute;n y la extensi & oacute;n son relativamente populares. El cambio clim & aacute;tico puede reducir las perspectivas de empleo agr & iacute;cola, requiriendo que algunos encuestados busquen otras carreras menos impactadas. Otras presiones reportadas fueron la falta de ciertas habilidades laborales; diferencias de g & eacute;nero en las perspectivas y sectores de carrera; redes personales inadecuadas; y los impactos econ & oacute;micos de COVID-19. Las iniciativas del gobierno y del sector privado pueden ayudar a aliviar estas presiones a trav & eacute;s de apoyo educativo, financiero y emprendedor, valorizando diversas trayectorias profesionales, y asegurando una mayor inclusividad para la juventud en las comunidades rurales.
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页数:24
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