Impact of reduced graphene oxide on spectroscopic properties of high-к dielectric ZnTiO3 nanostructure for humidity sensing capabilities

High-& kcy; dielectrics are formed using graphene due to their lower percolation threshold, but they suffer from higher dielectric loss. Herein, a strategy has been investigated to enhance dielectric in ZnTiO3 and suppress the dielectric loss of graphene composites through the formation of zinc titanate (ZT) / reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanostructures. The successful sol-gel process and densification produce a large interfacial region in porous zinc titanate (ZT) / reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanostructures due to the hybrid chemical growth, which results in improved interfacial polarization. The higher nanoporous samples were described using XRD, TEM-SEM, THz, FTIR, Raman, UV- visible spectroscopy, and dielectric properties. The results reveal that the formation method and the rGO content significantly influenced the particle size, crystalline nature, THz, and dielectric properties of the prepared rGO/ZT nanoporous. The XRD indicates the hexagonal and cubic phase of ZnTiO3 nanocrystalline changes with rGO contents. The two-dimensional rGO/ZT nanocrystals have noticeable efficient absorption for the terahertz (THz) through a wide range of THz-frequency (0.06 and 4 THz). The THz reveals that the lower content of graphene oxide in zinc titanate has a higher absorbance spectrum, while the higher contents of graphene oxide increase the absorption coefficient. Herein, a strategy is proposed to explore and control the dielectric loss of lower temperature ZnTiO3 nanostructure using graphene oxide to produce highperformance high-& kcy; dielectric materials. The humidity sensing achievement of rGO/ZT nanostructure was assessed across a humidity range of 11 up to 97 %, revealing that the ideal testing frequency for the highest impedance difference was 100 Hz.