The role of TyG index in predicting low left ventricular ejection fraction after acute coronary syndrome

Aims: This study aimed to investigate whether triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and other clinical and demographic parameters are associated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) following an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) event. Methods & Results: This retrospective cohort study included patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of ACS. The TyG index was calculated using the formula: TyG = ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) x fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. A total of 2,135 patients were included in the study (mean age: 57.49 +/- 11.45 years, 78.64% male). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that mildly reduced or reduced LVEF was associated with immigrant population (p = 0.004), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.017), previous coronary artery disease (CAD) (p < 0.001), ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (p < 0.001) and high (>= 4.95) TyG index (p < 0.001). Reduced LVEF (<= 40%) was independently associated with an immigrant status (p = 0.031), previous CAD (p = 0.001), peripheral artery disease (p = 0.038), renal diseases (p = 0.011), STEMI (p < 0.001) and high (>= 5.10) TyG index (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The TyG index shows potential as an independent risk factor for low LVEF after ACS.However, its relatively low sensitivity and specificity suggest that it may have a supportive role in risk stratification. Further research is needed to confirm its utility as a reliable prognostic marker for heart failure in ACS patients.