Efficient Hierarchical Federated Services for Heterogeneous Mobile Edge

As 6G networks actively advance edge intelligence, Federated Learning (FL) emerges as a key technology that enables data sharing while preserving data privacy and fostering collaboration among edge devices for intelligent service learning. However, the multi-dimensional heterogeneous and hierarchical network architecture brings many challenges to FL deployment, including selecting appropriate nodes for model training and designing effective methods for model aggregation. Compared with most studies that focus on solving individual problems within 6G, this paper proposes an efficient deployment scheme named hierarchical heterogeneous FL (HHFL), which comprehensively considers various influencing factors. First, the deployment of HHFL over 6G is modeled amid the heterogeneity of communications, computation, and data. An optimization problem is then formulated, aiming to minimize deployment costs in terms of latency and energy consumption. Subsequently, to tackle this optimization challenge, we design an intelligent FL deployment framework, consisting of a hierarchical aggregation deployment (HAD) component for hierarchical FL aggregation structure construction and an adaptive node selection (ANS) component for selecting diverse clients based on multi-dimensional discrepancy criteria. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed framework not only adapts to various application requirements but also outperforms existing technologies by achieving superior learning performance, reduced latency, and lower energy consumption.