Optimizing water quality in urban distribution networks: Leveraging digital twin technology for real-time demand management

Potable water quality is crucial for society's well-being. Advanced devices and systems and a more specialized examination of quality parameters have improved the water quality in treatment plants. However, the property of the water may change for many reasons, such as pollution injection, water age, and system facility condition, and it may not have the same quality as the water released from the treatment plant. Due to the widespread nature of distribution networks, any contamination in water can quickly be distributed among consumers and cause irreparable damage. As a result, it is essential to preserve water quality until it reaches the final user. Leveraging new technologies and digitalization is the only solution to control and manage these massive and complex infrastructures. Digital twin (DT) is a trend word nowadays that is gaining more popularity. Digital Twin connects the physical infrastructure with the hydraulic model through two-way communication using numerous sensors installed inside the distribution network. Although previous studies have focused on the applicability of digital twin technology on water distribution network, they have failed to consider the potential impact of leveraging digital twin capabilities on water quality management. This article reveals the significance of integrating real-time demand data in hydraulic model to prevent water aging in the system by optimizing water level in tanks and pumps working hours based on network real demand and the role of digital twin for this approach.