Analysis of non-governmental organizations internal democracy: implications on members' participation

Purpose - This study aims to shed light on the non-governmental organizations (NGOs) decision-making process and how members' participation affects the decision-making. Design/methodology/approach - This study applied a qualitative approach to capture experiences, thoughts and opinions on NGO internal democracy. The study was conducted on the Tanzanian mainland, covering two NGOs. Data were collected through interviews and document reviews. The analysis of the data was conducted using a thematic approach. Findings - The results reveal that, while NGOs are making promising progress in consolidating internal democracy and the annual general meeting remains the highest decision-making body, some members have been reluctant to attend such meetings, hence failing to participate. This has implications for NGOs strategic decision-making. Research limitations/implications - The study focused on only two NGOs. This opens room for more studies to capture members' opinions and experience on NGOs decision-making processes. Practical implications - This study suggests considering the use of digital platforms as a way of improving members' participation in NGOs decisions, reducing costs and increasing flexibility. Also, NGOs have to educate members, improve the level of internal accountability and strengthen leadership to attract members' participation. This would help to realize the Tanzania National Strategy for NGOs Sustainability 2022/2023-2026/2027 for enhancing the capacity of NGOs to deliver their missions. This is relevant, especially in developing countries where there is a struggle to establish strong NGOs. Originality/value - Most studies focused on the role of NGOs in promoting democracy; few have interrogated their internal democratic arrangements. This study interrogated the internal democracy of NGOs and the way it affects members' participation in decision-making.