A Systematic Review of Telemedicine Solutions to Provide Psychological Interventions for Women Receiving Fertility Treatments

Introduction: Infertility and assisted reproduction treatment (ART) are frequently accompanied by the experience of emotional disorders. Psychological interventions are available for infertile populations, but the barriers of current face-to-face models of care difficult their dissemination. This systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD4202340179) aims to summarize how technologies are used in telemedicine psychological programs to manage emotional disorders in women undergoing fertility treatments.Methods: Searches were conducted in December 2023 in six different databases. Two independent researchers conducted the searches, extracted the information, and assessed the quality of the studies (NHLBI tool).Results: Nineteen studies including 2,520 participants met eligibility criteria. Interventions were provided mostly to women who were undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (n = 11). Emotional disorders most frequently addressed were anxiety and depression (n = 11). The majority of the psychological programs were based on cognitive-behavioral therapy (n = 6), emotional writing (n = 3), acceptance and commitment therapy (n = 3), or positive reappraisal (n = 3). Many interventions were based on the use of internet (n = 5), diaries (n = 3), self-administered manuals (n = 2), short message service (n = 1), or face-to-face sessions (n = 5) supported by the inclusion of phone calls, emails, or audios. There is a lack of preventive interventions (n = 1).Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review that explores the use of all kinds of technologies to provide psychological interventions to manage emotional disorders during ART. Results derived from this work may guide the development of future telemedicine services to provide psychological interventions.