Nanostructural engineered titanium dioxide by rare earth metals dual doping for electrochemical supercapacitor applications

High-porosity nanostructured materials are in high demand for use in electrochemical supercapacitor applications due to their immense specific surface areas, which allow for significant energy storage capacity. Using Ti(CH3COO)(2).2H(2)O and nitrate salts of dopants such as Cerium, Samarium, Holmium, and Ytterbium as precursors, we synthesized mixed metal-doped TiO2 nanostructures using a facile sol-gel approach. The Ce/Ho Co-doped TiO2 nanostructures-based supercapacitor electrodes retained 99.28% of their capacity after 5,000 cycles, with a specific capacitance of 1714 F g(-1) at a current density of 2.0 A g(-1). The enhanced electrochemical performance of the optimized Co-doped TiO2 nanostructures can be attributed to the increased TiO2 conductivity due to the optimization of co-doping and the increased specific surface area as a result of structural porosity. These results suggest that porous co-doped TiO2 nanostructures have a wide spectrum of potential electrochemical applications.