Towards sustainable perovskite solar cells: recycling fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates for environmental impact

The limited lifetime of perovskite solar cells raises concerns about disposal, recycling, and environmental impact. Recycling perovskite materials, including crucial components like fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates, offers an opportunity to mitigate environmental impacts and production costs. This research focuses on chemically and physically cleaning and recycling FTO substrates, crucial for reducing the overall manufacturing cost of perovskite solar cells. Comparative analysis between RecFTO glasses and commercial FTO counterparts encompassed structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties. This approach fosters sustainability in perovskite solar cell production by effectively addressing environmental concerns and cost challenges through FTO recycling.