In this work, we report a series of new phosphors Sr1.6Ba0.4SiO4: Ce3+, Li+, Eu2+. The Ce3+ and Li+ doped samples emit blue light at wavelengths around 400 nm under ultraviolet excitation. On this basis, co-doping of Ce3+, Li+, and Eu2+ in Sr1.6Ba0.4SiO4 was prepared, and the structure and luminescence properties of Sr1.6Ba0.4SiO4: Ce3+, Li+, Eu2+ were investigated in detail, we analyzed the substitution sites and energy transfer mechanisms of Ce3+ and Eu2+ ions within the crystal. Compared with commercial phosphor Y3Al5O12: Ce3+, Sr1.6Ba0.4SiO4: Ce3+, Li+, Eu2+ has higher selectivity for fluorescent pigments and is more suitable for yellow green fluorescent pigments and its excellent thermal stability and high quantum efficiency further enhance its prospects in pigment applications. Meanwhile, the modified phosphors also have potential applications in white light emitting diodes.