Neodymium-polydopamine-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite: A high-performance electrochemical sensor for paracetamol detection

In this work, a nanocomposite consisting of neodymium-decorated polydopamine-reduced graphene oxide (Nd/ PDA-rGO) was synthesized using a one-pot approach, and its electrochemical performance in the detection of paracetamol (PA) was examined. The successful integration of Nd nanoparticles into the PDA-rGO matrix was validated by comprehensive characterisation using SEM, TEM, XRD, Raman, FT-IR, and EDX. The average size of the Nd nanoparticles on the surface was 100 nm, whereas the size of the Nd nanoparticles within the inner layers was 20 nm. The Nd/PDA-rGO modified electrode displayed remarkable electrochemical sensing capabilities, achieving a detection limit of 0.1 mu M and a high sensitivity of 0.21 mu A mu M- 1 cm- 2 within a linear detection range of 0.3-10 mu M, as assessed by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) examination unveiled surface-confined electron transfer mechanisms that were reversible and exhibited outstanding reproducibility (relative standard deviation: 2.7 %), as well as repeatability (relative standard deviation: 3.4 %). The results of this study highlight the promise of Nd/PDA-rGO as a material that is both highly sensitive and dependable for use in pharmaceutical and environmental monitoring applications.