The importance of neurosurgical nursing in low- and middle-income countries - a critical review

Background:Neurosurgical nursing involves the provision of pre- and post-operative care to neurologic patients. Specialized nurses in the field of neurosurgery are vital for patient outcomes and wellbeing. Nevertheless, there is underestimation and limited access to neurosurgical nursing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This review primarily aims to shed light on the significance of nursing in the neurosurgical department of LMICs. It provides insight into the healthcare systems, the collaborative approaches that emerged in this concern, and the issues pertaining to integrating neurosurgical nursing in these countries.Methods:Literature search was conducted from March 2024, where the articles were retrieved from PubMed/Medline, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, and Embase. The terms "neurosurgical nursing," "neurosurgery," "neurosurgical care," "neurosurgical nurses," and "low- and middle-income countries OR LMICs" were used to search relevant studies. Previous articles discussing neurosurgical care in LMICs were considered in this review.Results:Nurses participate in 90% of interactions between healthcare providers and patients. They provide holistic care by considering the physical, cultural, and psychosociological needs pertaining to their patients. Furthermore, they possess ability to establish rapport via communication with patients which improves the standard of care delivered. To achieve results satisfactory to the wellbeing of affected populations, neurosurgical disciplines necessitate the aid of skilled nursing colleagues. However, there is a lack of relevant technology, innovations, and funding alongside human resources in LMICs.Conclusion:Education, training, and dynamic collaboration are crucial factors for neurosurgical nurses to provide the best quality of care to patients. It is also pivotal to focus on research concerning the present issue, implement further policies which encourage dynamic cooperation between the neurosurgical multidisciplinary team, and collaborate on a global level to enhance neurosurgical nursing in LMICs.