Long-Term Functional Outcomes of Glenohumeral Arthrodesis Following Oncologic Resection

Background Glenohumeral arthrodesis is a demanding surgical procedure. However, it is an option for reconstruction an oncologic resection, especially for patients in whom the axillary nerve is compromised. Methods We reviewed 26 (12 male:14 female) glenohumeral arthrodeses (14 primary:12 revision) following an oncologic resection. The most common method of reconstruction was a free vascularized fibula autograft with a bulk allograft (n = 18). The median follow-up was 22 years (IQR 19 years). Results Median Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Scores and Toronto Extremity Salvage Scores at final follow-up were 86% and 80%. MSTS scores were similar in patients receiving arthrodesis for primary versus secondary reconstruction. Fifteen (58%) patients had postoperative complications requiring reoperation. Most reoperations occurred with-in the first 5 years postoperative, with two procedures occurring after 10-years. Three patients were diagnosed with metastatic disease, one of which also had a local recurrence. Conclusion Glenohumeral arthrodesis provides satisfactory long-term outcomes for primary and secondary management of shoulder girdle tumors. While early complication rates were high, long-term complications were rare.