Immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 in colorectal carcinoma among black patients and the clinicopathological correlates: a cross-sectional study

被引:0
作者
Menkiti, Felix Emeka [1 ,2 ]
Okani, Chukwudi Onyeaghana [3 ]
Onyiaorah, Igwebuike Victor [1 ,2 ]
Ukah, Cornelius Ozobia [1 ,2 ]
Menkiti, Ifeoma Oluchukwu [4 ]
Ihekwoaba, Eric Chukwudi [5 ]
Okoye, Odili Aloysius [5 ]
Ofiaeli, Ogochukwu Chioma [6 ]
Akpuaka, Frank Chinedu [7 ]
机构
[1] Nnamdi Azikiwe Univ, Fac Basic Clin Sci, Dept Anat Pathol & Forens Med, Awka, Nigeria
[2] Nnamdi Azikiwe Univ, Teaching Hosp, Dept Histopathol, Nnewi, Anambra, Nigeria
[3] Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu Univ, Fac Basic Clin Sci, Dept Histopathol, Awka, Anambra, Nigeria
[4] Nnamdi Azikiwe Univ, Coll Nursing, Dept Nursing, Teaching Hosp, Nnewi, Anambra, Nigeria
[5] Nnamdi Azikiwe Univ, Fac Med, Dept Surg, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra, Nigeria
[6] Nnamdi Azikiwe Univ, Teaching Hosp, Dept Paediat, Nnewi, Anambra, Nigeria
[7] Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu Univ, Dept Surg, Awka, Anambra, Nigeria
关键词
Colorectal cancer; PD-L1; expression; Immunohistochemistry; Pathologic parameters; Immunotherapy; COLON-CANCER; MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY; GENE-EXPRESSION; MICROBIOME; PROGNOSIS; NIGERIA; CELLS;
D O I
10.1186/s12876-025-03862-7
中图分类号
R57 [消化系及腹部疾病];
学科分类号
摘要
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is rising in Nigeria, with majority of patients presenting with advanced disease. Despite promising results of PD-L1 antibody therapy in clinical trials, efficacy data exclusively derives from Caucasian populations, leaving a critical knowledge gap for African populations. This study investigated PD-L1 expression in CRC among blacks, correlating it with clinicopathologic parameters. Methods The immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 was evaluated in 96 cases of CRC diagnosed between February 2022 and January 2024, using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25. The relationships between the PD-L1 expression and the clinicopathological parameters of CRC patients were determined using the chi-square test and Spearman's rank correlation. p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results CRC showed a male: female ratio of 1:1.8, most occurred in the seventh decade and 54.17% were right-sided. Adenocarcinoma NOS accounted for 72.5%. The majority (n = 55, 57.3%) of the patients were diagnosed at an advanced stage. PD-L1 expression was observed in 86.46% of cases, significantly correlating with tumour Size (r = 0.263, p = 0.010*), histologic Grade (r = 0.446, p = 0.000*) and tumour Stage (r = 0.367, p = 0.000*). Conclusion This study highlighted the high frequency of PD-L1 expression in CRC among black patients, with significant associations to clinicopathologic parameters. The findings suggest the potential benefit of PD-1/PD-L1 targeted therapies and emphasize the need for enhanced early detection and screening in Nigeria.
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页数:12
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