A comprehensive review of carbon dioxide sequestration: Exploring diverse methods for effective post combustion CO2 capture, transport, and storage

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a prominent anthropogenic greenhouse gas known for its detrimental impact on climate change and contribution to global warming. The significant rise in CO2 emissions has prompted extensive research into Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology. The primary objective of CCS technology is to mitigate CO2 levels in the atmosphere through the recovery of CO2 from industrial flue gases, achieved through three key stages: CO2 capture from flue gases, CO2 transport, and subsequent storage. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various techniques employed to remove CO2 from flue gases, focusing on physical, chemical and biological methods. The article included comprehensive information about the chemical process, including its benefits and limitations. An extensive overview of the biological and physical approaches was also provided. A brief discussion is given of the engineering aspects of CO2 transfer via pipelines and ships, as well as its storage alternatives (oceanic, geological, and mineralization).Through an analysis of these various approaches, this review directs scientists and researchers toward improving their comprehension and use of effective CO2 collection techniques, consequently tackling the problems associated with global warming.