Efficacy of an internet-based, therapist-guided cognitive behavioral therapy intervention for adolescents and young adults with body dysmorphic disorder: a randomized controlled trial

被引：0
作者：
Michaela Schmidt [1 ]
Katrin Schoenenberg [2 ]
Julia E. Engelkamp [3 ]
Thomas Staufenbiel [4 ]
Alexandra Martin [5 ]
David D. Ebert [6 ]
Andrea S. Hartmann [3 ]
机构：
[1] Institute of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück
[2] Institute of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Kiel University, Kiel
[3] Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy of Childhood and Adolescence, Konstanz University, Universitätsstraße 10, Postbox 905, Konstanz
[4] Institute of Psychology, Department of Research Methods, Diagnostics and Evaluation, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück
[5] Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal
[6] Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Psychology and Digital Mental Health Care, Technical University of Munich, Munich
来源：
BMC Psychiatry | / 25卷 / 1期
关键词：
Adolescents; Body dysmorphic disorder; Cognitive behavioral therapy; Online therapy; Randomized controlled trial;
D O I：
10.1186/s12888-025-06797-1
中图分类号：
学科分类号：
摘要：
Background: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is particularly prevalent yet highly understudied and undertreated in adolescence. This study evaluates the efficacy of an internet-based, therapist-guided cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for adolescents and young adults with BDD compared to supportive online therapy as an active control condition. Methods: In a single-blind, randomized controlled trial, N = 45 adolescents (aged 15–21 years) of all genders from German-speaking countries were assigned to 12 sessions of internet-based CBT (iCBT) or 12 weeks of supportive online therapy. The primary outcome was change in expert-rated BDD symptom severity from pre- to post-intervention (Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder, BDD-YBOCS). Secondary outcomes included the remission and responder rate, changes in delusionality of appearance beliefs (BABS), self-rated BDD symptom severity (FKS), BDD cognitions (FKDK), quality of life (KINDL-R), and depressive symptoms (PHQ-9) from pre to post and to a 4-week follow-up. Results: iCBT was more efficient than supportive online therapy on the BDD-YBOCS (p =.002), with a large between-group effect size at post-intervention (Hedges’ g (SE) = 0.93 (0.42)), and on all secondary measures (p <.05), except for depressive symptoms (p =.068). All secondary outcome measures also showed significant improvements from pre to post iCBT, with moderate to large effect sizes, and gains were stable until the 4-week follow-up period. iCBT participants showed higher remission (61.5%) and responder rates (66.7%), compared to controls (0% and 26.7%), but only the difference in remission reached significance. Conclusion: The results indicate the efficacy of internet-based CBT in comparison to an active control condition, thus contributing to the limited intervention research in adolescent BDD and adding a much-needed treatment option. Trial registration: The trial was pre-registered on 2020/06/08 at the German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00022055. © The Author(s) 2025.
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