The Effects of Time-Restricted Eating on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Overweight Older Adults: A Pilot Study

Background/Objectives: Time-restricted eating (TRE) has been associated with beneficial effects for inflammation and oxidative stress; however, the effects of TRE on inflammation and oxidative stress in the aging population have not been explored. Methods: This secondary analysis tested the effects of TRE on pro-inflammatory (hs-CRP [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein], IL-1 beta [interleukin 1 beta], IL-6 [interleukin 6], TNF-alpha [tumor necrosis factor alpha]) and oxidative stress (8-isoprostane) biomarkers in ten overweight older adults (mean age = 77.1 +/- 6.1 years; six women and four men), who followed a TRE protocol of 16 h of fasting per day and consumed food ad libitum during an 8 h window for 4 weeks. Results: TNF-alpha levels decreased from 43.2 (11.2) pg/mL to 39.7 (10.0) pg/mL with a Cohen's d effect size of 0.33, and IL-1 beta levels decreased from 1.4 (0.8) pg/mL to 1.3 (0.6) pg/mL with a Cohen's d effect size of 0.23, suggesting potential anti-inflammatory benefits. IL-6 and hs-CRP levels showed no substantial changes (Cohen's d <= 0.03). The oxidative stress marker 8-isoprostane levels decreased slightly with a Cohen's d effect size of 0.07. Conclusions: The findings of this pilot study provide initial insights into the potential effects of TRE on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in older adults. Given the small sample size and short-term intervention, well-powered studies of longer duration are needed to better understand the effects of TRE on inflammation and oxidative stress in aging populations.