Knowledge of breast cancer among nurses in a tertiary care center: a descriptive cross-sectional study

Objective:This study aims to assess the knowledge and awareness of breast cancer among nurses, a critical component of the healthcare workforce. While many previous studies have focused on female participants and students, this study specifically targets nurses working in a tertiary care center, given their crucial role in patient education, early cancer detection, and facilitating timely medical intervention.Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 235 nurses working in the various departments of a tertiary care center from August to September 2021. Data on breast cancer knowledge were collected using structured questionnaires with knowledge levels categorized as "good" or "poor" using the median score as a cut-off. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were ensured through expert review and pilot testing. Descriptive statistics were used to present the findings.Results:Our study revealed overall good knowledge (64.7% correct answers) about breast cancer among the study participants. Most participants (93.2%) were aged 18-29, and 72.3% held a Proficiency Certificate Level in Nursing (PCL) nursing qualification. Only half of the respondents recognized obesity and smoking as risk factors, with common misconceptions including the belief that nulliparity and alcohol consumption are not risks. While over 90% identified breast lumps and enlargement as symptoms, only half recognized non-lump symptoms like nipple discharge and skin changes. Participants were highly aware of breast cancer detection tools, with nearly all recognizing clinical breast exams, mammography, and breast ultrasound. About 75.7% knew of biopsy, and 74.5% mentioned magnetic resonance imaging. Mammography was the most commonly recognized screening tool (95.7%).Conclusion:While general awareness of breast cancer is high among nurses, specific gaps remain regarding certain risk factors and symptoms, including obesity, smoking, and non-lump breast cancer indicators. Targeted education through workshops or continuous medical education programs could enhance nurses' ability to effectively educate and screen patients.