Development of lipid nanoparticle formulation for intramuscular administration of mRNA vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus

BackgroundmRNA vaccines have garnered significant attention due to their rapid development and high efficacy, as demonstrated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) remains a major cause of respiratory illness, particularly among infants and the elderly, with limited effective vaccine options. This study aimed to develop a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulation for an mRNA vaccine targeting the G glycoprotein of RSV.MethodsThe LNP formulation was optimized through comprehensive in vitro and in vivo screening. The optimized LNP was used to deliver mRNA encoding the conserved core fragment of RSV G glycoprotein. Immune responses and protective efficacy were evaluated through preclinical studies.ResultsThe optimized LNP demonstrated superior mRNA expression and stability, inducing high levels of G glycoprotein-specific antibodies and robust T-cell responses. The mRNA/LNP vaccine conferred complete protection against RSV challenge without adverse effects.ConclusionsThe mRNA/LNP vaccine targeting the conserved region of the RSV G glycoprotein elicited strong immune responses and demonstrated a favorable safety profile, suggesting its potential as an effective preventive strategy against RSV infection. This study provides valuable insights into the design of LNP-based mRNA vaccines.