Flexible and wearable electrode based on XG@PAN/NCL/CC composite-coated on wearable supercapacitors for a wireless textile-based sweat sensor

Textile-based electronic devices, such as wearable supercapacitors, and sensors have undergone substantial exploration and development. The current study involves the development of a biocompatible textile-based electrode that is modified by primary growing Ni-Co-LDH (NCL) on carbon cloth (CC) and then pulse- modulated electrodepositing xanthan-gum@polyaniline (XG@PAN) on the NCL/CC layer. Incorporating biocompatible xanthan gum into the PAN network displays a needle-like structure to improve the super- capacitors' performance compared to the PAN/NCL/CC material. The XG@PAN/NCL/CC materials exhibit a specific capacity of 1275.6C g- 1 at a current density of 1 A g- 1, a rate capability of 57.6 % from 1 to 30 A g- 1, and a cycling stability of 93.45 % over 10,000 cycles. The asymmetric WC device based on the XG@PAN/NCL/ CC materials delivers the energy and power densities of 28.6 Wh kg- 1 and 530.21 W kg- 1 respectively for a wide potential window of 1.6 V and exceptional capacitance retention (92.62 %) over 8000 cycles. At last, the asymmetric device was integrated with a pH ionophore that utilizes PAN-based paper electrode, along with an ESP8266 microcontroller. Subsequently, an Android application was developed to monitor smart devices in realtime and was calibrated using data collected from experiments.