NOD1 and NOD2: Essential Monitoring Partners in the Innate Immune System

被引:6
作者
Li, Zhenjia [1 ]
Shang, Dejing [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Liaoning Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Dalian 116081, Peoples R China
[2] Liaoning Normal Univ, Liaoning Prov Key Lab Biotechnol & Drug Discovery, Dalian 116081, Peoples R China
关键词
NOD1; NOD2; innate immunity; inflammatory response; NF-KAPPA-B; ANTIVIRAL RESPONSES; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; MURAMYL DIPEPTIDE; RECOGNITION; ACTIVATION; AUTOPHAGY; PROTEINS; PATHWAYS; INFLAMMATION;
D O I
10.3390/cimb46090561
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 (NOD1) and NOD2 are pivotal cytoplasmic pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) that exhibit remarkable evolutionary conservation. They possess the ability to discern specific peptidoglycan (PGN) motifs, thereby orchestrating innate immunity and contributing significantly to immune homeostasis maintenance. The comprehensive understanding of both the structure and function of NOD1 and NOD2 has been extensively elucidated. These receptors proficiently recognize an array of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) as well as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), subsequently mediating inflammatory responses and autophagy. In recent years, emerging evidence has highlighted the crucial roles played by NOD1 and NOD2 in regulating infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, cancer, and autoimmune conditions, among others. Perturbation in either their loss or excessive activation can detrimentally impact immune homeostasis. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the structural characteristics, subcellular localization, activation mechanisms, and significant roles of NOD1 and NOD2 in innate immunity and related disease.
引用
收藏
页码:9463 / 9479
页数:17
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