Association Between Pulmonary Artery Pulsatility Index and Radial Artery Pulse Pressure and Successful Separation from Peripheral Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A French Single-Center Retrospective Study From 2017 to 2021

Objective: Few reliable tools exist to predict weaning patient outcomes from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO; VA-ECMO). Pulmonary artery pulse pressure indexed on right atrial pressure (PAPi) reflects the ventricle-pulmonary coupling and may be representative of right ventricular recovery. Radial artery pulse pressure (rPP) may be representative of left ventricular recovery. We intended to explore the usefulness of these indices in the weaning from VA-ECMO. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Single center in a tertiary university hospital. Participants: Patients benefiting from a VA-ECMO for all-cause refractory cardiogenic shock between 2017 and 2021. Non-inclusion criteria were minor/pregnant patients and ECMO within 48 hours. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses explored the relationship between PAPi and rPP with weaning success. Interventions: We explored the association between the pulmonary artery pulse pressure indexed on PAPi, rPP, and the success of weaning from VA-ECMO. Measurements and Main Results: We included 124 patients for rPP analysis and 82 patients for PAPi analysis. Higher rPP and PAPi (50.43 v 26.3 mmHg, p < 0.001: 1.78 v 0.88, p < 0.001, respectively) and shorter ECMO duration were associated with weaning success. Areas under ROC for rPP and PAPi were 0.85 and 0.88. The combination of rPP >= 40 mmHg and PAPi >= 1.09 predicted weaning with a sensitivity of 0.94, specificity of 1.00, positive predictive value of 1.00, and negative predictive value of 0.84. Conclusion: Higher PAPi and rPP were predictors of successful weaning from VA-ECMO in this retrospective study. (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)