Coriandrum sativum L. Leaf Extract Ameliorates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease by Modulating the AMPK Pathway in High Fat-Fed C57BL/6 Mice

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease. In recent times, the term NAFLD has been modified to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), reflecting its comprehensive scope encompassing a range of metabolic abnormalities. Coriandrum sativum L. (CS) is a traditional medicine, although the preventive mechanism of CS extracts remains unclear. Objective: This study evaluated the preventive effects of CS in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced MASLD mice by oral administration of 100 or 200 mg/kg/day of CS extracts for 12 weeks. Results: The major CS extract compounds were chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, and isoquercetin. The administration of CS extract suppressed HFD-induced weight gain, liver weight, and the liver/body weight ratio. It improved the mice's serum biological profiles and suppressed HFD-induced lipid droplet and lipid accumulation by inhibiting lipid accumulation-related gene expression in the liver. It modulated HFD-induced Ampk-Srebp1c pathways and suppressed HFD-induced NF-kappa B pathway activation in the liver. It regulated inflammation and the AMPK alpha signaling pathway in HFD-fed mice by reducing the accumulation of specific amino acids, leading to the amelioration of fatty liver. Conclusions: The CS extract prevents HFD-induced MASLD and may help prevent or treat MASLD.