Peri-Implant Epstein-Barr Virus (+) Mucocutaneous Ulcer in an Immunocompetent Patient: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Epstein-Barr virus (+) mucocutaneous ulcer (EBVMCU) is an uncommon benign lymphoproliferative lesion that develops in immunocompromised patients. We present a special case of EBVMCU located in the peri-implant mucosa and we review the oral cases published to date. An 88-year-old man with no medical history of interest was attended in the dental clinic due to an ulcerated tumor located in the peri-implant mucosa. The lesion showed an atypical lymphoid proliferation, positive for CD3, CD20, CD30, PAX-5, and MUM1. Positive EBV and favorable patient evolution confirmed the final diagnosis of EBVMCU. Oral EBVMCU reports related to immunosenescence mainly develop in the gingiva of advanced age patients. Our case highlights the importance to perform a complete clinicopathological study of all peri-implant lesions. Although most peri-implant pathologies are inflammatory-reactive disorders, sometimes they can also correspond to other entities.