Violence Against Women in the Philippines Based on the Ecological Framework

This article uses an ecological framework to look at violence against women in the Philippines. The serious global issue of violence against women has an influence on women's physical and mental health as well as human rights. Violence against women still occurs in the Philippines despite legislative attempts, such as the anti-violence law against women and children. This research aims to analyze the prevalence and characteristics of violence against women within Heise's ecological framework by considering individual, situational, and social factors. The research utilizes qualitative methods, including the analysis of secondary data from government reports, international organizations, and academic literature, to gain a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing gender-based violence in the Philippines. The findings indicate that situational factors, especially male dominance in family relationships, are the most substantial contributors to high levels of violence against women, followed by individual and societal factors.