Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy - diagnostics and management

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) affect approximately 10% of pregnant women, posing significant risks for maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. HDP are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes, and chronic kidney disease in affected women. Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce complications and long-term cardiovas cular risks. The incidence of HDP is rising due to factors like increasing maternal age and the prevalence of obesity and other cardiometabolic risk factors. HDP are classified by the timing of onset and include chronic hypertension, white coat hypertension, masked hypertension, gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia. Preeclampsia, a severe form of HDP, occurs after the 20th th week of pregnancy and is characterized by proteinuria and/or maternal organ dysfunction leading to significant maternal and fetal mortality. Screening and early detection is crucial for the management and timely treatment of preeclampsia. Understanding the physiological and pathophysio logical hemodynamic changes during pregnancy is essential for managing HDP and mitigating their long-term cardiovascular effects. J Hyperton 2024; 28 (2): 35-43.