Effect of Centratherum anthelminticum seeds on Glycated hemoglobin, Cardiovascular disease risks and dyslipidemia in Type-2 diabetic patients in Karachi: A non-blind randomized controlled trial

Objective: To explore the effect of Centratherum antheminticum seeds powder {Cap(CASP) 500 mg} capsule in diabetes Type-2 (T2DM) patients in Karachi. Methods: A randomized selection of 40 T2DM patients from Sindh Government Hospital New Karachi with their consents was done for a non-blinded controlled trial from October to December 2019 and divided into P- Group (Positive Control, metformin 500 mg) a T-Group (Test, Cap CASP + was also included, using the same dosage of Cap(CASP) on twenty healthy volunteers. The data were analyzed using an online graph pad student's t-test and a one-way ANOVA (SPSS version 24) metformin 500mg each). Both groups had (n = 20). C- Group (healthy control), was also included with twenty healthy volunteers with same dose of Cap CASP . The biochemical tests (lipid profile, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose) of both groups were done in biochemistry lab Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science a Technology and results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (SPSS version 24) and online graph pad student<acute accent>s t-test. Results: CASP showed potent (in-vitro) anti-diabetic activity (72.81%) than standard acarbose (standard drug). Most of in-vivo parameters in T( Group )showed significant improvements. Body weight (p<0.01) a (p<0.05), HbA1c a fasting blood glucose (p<0.0001), coronary risk index (CRI), atherogenic index (A Indx) (p<0.05, p <0.0001) a atherogenic dyslipidemia ratio (A-DLR) (p<0.0001 a p <0.01) were reduced after six and twelve weeks. Reduction in serum cholesterol and triglycerides (p< 0.05 a p < 0.01) after six as well as (p< 0.01) after twelve weeks. Very low density lipoprotein reduced after both (p< 0.05) six and (p< 0.0001) twelve weeks. High density lipoprotein increased (p< 0.01) a low density lipoprotein decreased (p< 0.05) after twelve weeks. Conclusion: When given standard care to T2D patients, the CASP intervention demonstrated both anti-diabetic and anti-lipidemic effects.