The Relationship Between Perceived Staffing and Quality of Care: The Mediating Roles of Job Satisfaction and Work Engagement

BackgroundAlthough work engagement and job satisfaction are two important indicators associated with care quality, their mediating effects on the relationship between perceived staffing and quality of care have not been adequately clarified.PurposeThis study was designed to determine the mechanism by which nurses' perceived staffing influences quality of care by clarifying the mediating roles of job satisfaction and work engagement.MethodsA cross-sectional questionnaire survey was implemented among 2,142 clinical nurses from 211 inpatient wards in 13 hospitals. Work engagement, job satisfaction, perceived staffing, and rated quality of care were measured.ResultsMost (89.7%) of the respondents rated quality of care as good or better, and 56.1% perceived staffing in the wards as adequate. The two main findings of this study are as follows: (a) Perceived staffing influenced quality of care via one direct and three indirect pathways, with the indirect effect greater than the direct effect (beta direct = 0.09, beta total indirect = 0.25), and (b) work engagement and job satisfaction were important mediators of the impact of staffing on quality of care.ConclusionQuality of care may be enhanced by improving the work engagement and satisfaction of nurses in their current job, suggesting an effective approach to alleviating the current nursing shortage.