Level and Factors Associated with Comprehensive Knowledge About HIV Among Currently Married Women in Somalia: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional

Background: The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a major public health issue, particularly in underdeveloped nations, where limited knowledge contributes to high prevalence among women facing socio-economic and educational barriers. To the best of our knowledge, no study has comprehensively examined HIV knowledge among Somali married women using nationally representative data. This study aims to assess the level of comprehensive HIV knowledge and its determinants among currently married women in Somalia, identifying regions and groups with limited awareness to prioritize targeted education and healthcare interventions, support NSP goals, and provide baseline data for future efforts. Methods: A multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between comprehensive HIV knowledge and various sociodemographic factors using data from the 2018-2019 SDHS. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to determine significant associations. Results: The analysis revealed that 55.1% of respondents had high comprehensive knowledge of HIV. Moreover, the study found the following significant factors associated with comprehensive HIV knowledge: Women aged 30-34 had an AOR of 1.25 (95% CI: 1.02-1.53) compared to those aged 15-19. Regionally, compared to women in the Awdal region, women in Gedo had an AOR of 0.39 (95% CI: 0.29-0.52), while women in Lower Juba had an AOR of 0.52 (95% CI: 0.38-0.69). Women in nomadic settings had an AOR of 0.61 (95% CI: 0.51-0.74) compared to urban dwellers. Women with higher education had an AOR of 3.04 (95% CI: 1.85-5.00) compared to uneducated women. Women in the highest wealth quintile had an AOR of 1.28 (95% CI: 1.03-1.59) compared to the poorest women. Conclusion: The findings stress the need for public campaigns in rural, nomadic, and urban areas with limited HIV knowledge. Interventions should prioritize improving education access and enhancing media outreach to boost awareness and prevention efforts among Somali women.