Environmental;
social;
governance (ESG);
Corporate social responsibility (CSR);
Diversi;
fication;
diversification discount;
Sin industries;
Energy sector;
CORPORATE SOCIAL-RESPONSIBILITY;
INTERNAL CAPITAL-MARKETS;
FIRMS;
COMPETITION;
ALLOCATION;
INNOVATION;
DISCOUNT;
D O I:
10.1016/j.frl.2025.106956
中图分类号:
F8 [财政、金融];
学科分类号:
0202 ;
摘要:
This paper investigates the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosure on the value of diversification and how investment in controversial industries (sin and energy) by conglomerate firms affects their ESG scores and valuations. I find that conglomerates with higher ESG scores have higher diversification values. Following an investment in controversial industries, conglomerate firms experience a significant decline in their ESG scores and valuations. Moreover, the negative impact of investments in con-troversial industries on the value of diversification is mitigated by higher ESG disclosure. After the Paris Agreement, in high ESG awareness period, excess values of conglomerates with higher ESG scores increase, indicating a causal effect.