Integrated Assessment of Security Risk Considering Police Resources

The existing research on security risk often focuses on specific types of crime, overlooking an integrated assessment of security risk by leveraging existing police resources. Thus, we draw on crime geography theories, integrating public security business data, socioeconomic data, and spatial analysis techniques, to identify integrated risk points and areas by examining the distribution of police resources and related factors and their influence on security risk. The findings indicate that security risk areas encompass high-incidence areas of public security issues, locations with concentrations of dangerous individuals and key facilities, and regions with a limited police presence, characterized by dense populations, diverse urban functions, high crime probabilities, and inadequate supervision. While both police resources and security risk are concentrated in urban areas, the latter exhibits a more scattered distribution on the urban periphery, suggesting opportunities to optimize resource allocation by extending police coverage to risk hotspots lacking patrol stations. Notably, Level 1 security risk areas often coincide with areas lacking a police presence, underscoring the need for strategic resource allocation. By comprehensively assessing the impact of police resources and public security data on spatial risk distribution, this study provides valuable insights for public security management and police operations.