Comparative potential of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) and Indian gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica) in enhancing sirtuin1 protein

Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) protein is NAD+-dependent with significant health benefits. The effect of fenugreek (F) and Indian gooseberry (IG) on SIRT1 protein remains obscure. The present study explored the effect of F and IG individually and in combination on SIRT1 protein. Results indicated that a combination of F + IG produced a more significant increase in SIRT1 protein in serum (45 %), heart (24 %), liver (38 %), and kidneys (27.8 %) than individually. The individual potential of IG (14.5 %, 17.1 %, 35.5 %, and 23 % in serum, heart, liver, and kidneys respectively) in enhancing SIRT1 was more pronounced than F (19.2 %, 27 %, 15 %, and 18 % in serum, heart, liver, and kidneys respectively). These findings were consistent with obtained NAD+/NADH ratio. F + IG produced synergistic effect (2-fold and 4-fold increase in catalase and superoxide dismutase respectively) and an additive effect in glutathione peroxidase levels in serum. Glutathione S transferase activity was enhanced by 2.6fold, 2-fold, and 2.3-fold by F, IG, and F + IG respectively in serum. The study concluded that a combination of F and IG together may be advocated for enhancing SIRT1 protein.